Nanotehnologija u kontekstu ekologije i održivog razvoja

Rezo, Marina (2010) Nanotehnologija u kontekstu ekologije i održivog razvoja. Baccalaureus work - Undergraduate programme. Grafički fakultet. [Mentor: Bolanča, Zdenka].

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Abstract

Nanotehnologija je pojam koji se koristi za opisivanje znanosti i tehnologije vezane uz kontrolu i manipulacije tvari i uređaja na razini dimenzija manjih od 100 nm. To uključuje multidisciplinarni pristup koji obuhvaća područja kao što su primijenjena fizika, znanost o materijalima, kemija, biologija, fizika površina, robotika, strojarstvo, elektrotehnika ,grafička industrija, biomedicinsko inženjerstvo itd. Na toj razini svojstvo materije je uvjetovano i postoji nekoliko granica između znanstvenih disciplina. U pravilu, dva su glavna pristupa koja se koriste u nanotehnologiji. Oni su poznati kao "bottom-up" (odozdo prema gore)i "top-down"(odozgo prema dolje) pristupi. Prvi uključuje spajanje atoma do molekula, da bi se izgradile nanostrukture, materijali i uređaji. Drugi uključuje izradu strukture i uređaja iz većih cjelina bez posebne kontrole na razini atoma. Napredak u oba pristupa je ubrzan u posljednjih nekoliko godina uz razvoj i primjenu visoko osjetljive opreme. Na primjer, instrumenti kao što su mikroskop atomskih sila (AFM), litografija elektronske zrake, kristalografska , molekularna zraka itd., postali su dostupni gurati naprijed razvoj u ovom uzbudljivom novom području. Ovi instrumenti omogućavaju promatranje i manipulaciju novih nanostruktura. Mnoga istraživanja o razvoju nanotehnologije provode se u cijelom svijetu, a pojavili su se mnogi novi programi. Nadalje,srodni termin „proizvodnja nano-predmeta“ , koristi se za opisivanje industrijske proizvodnje predmeta na bazi nanotehnologije uz visoku kvalitetu, pouzdanost i nisku cijenu. Alati, uzorci i procesi se trenutno razvijaju što će omogućiti veliku količinu proizvodnje komponenata i struktura na nano razini . Ovaj napredak će ubrzati razvoj komercijalnih proizvoda i omogućiti izradu nove generacije aplikacija u različitim komercijalnim sektorima, uključujući isporuku lijekova, kozmetiku, biomedicinske implantate, grafičku industiju, elektroniku, optičke komponente, automobilskih i zrakoplovnih dijelova itd.

Item Type:	Baccalaureus work - Undergraduate programme
Mentor name:	Bolanča, Zdenka
Defence date:	2010
Abstract in english:	Nanotechnology is a term that is used to describe the science and technology related to the control and manipulation of matter and devices on a scale less than 100 nm in dimension. It involves a multidisciplinary approach involving fields such as applied physics, materials science, chemistry, biology, surface science, robotics, engineering, electrical engineering graphic technology, biomedical engineering etc. At this scale the properties of matter is dictated and there are few boundaries between scientific disciplines. Generally, two main approaches have been used in nanotechnology. These are known as the “bottom-up” and “top-down” approaches. The former involves building up from atoms into molecules to assemble nanostructures, materials and devices. The latter involves making structures and devices from larger entities without specific control at the atomic level. Progress in both approaches has been accelerated in recent years with the development and application of highly sensitive equipment. For example, instruments such as atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning tunnelling microscope (STM), electron beam lithography, molecular beam epitaxy, etc., have become available to push forward development in this exciting new field. These instruments allow observation and manipulation of novel nanostructures. Considerable research is being carried throughout the world in developing nanotechnology, and many new applications have emerged. However, a related term is nanomanufacturing, used to describe industrial scale manufacture of nanotechnology-based objects at high rate, low cost and reliability. Tools, templates and processes are currently being developed that will enable high volume manufacturing of components and structures on a nanoscale and these are reviewed. These advancements will accelerate the development of commercial products and enable the creations of a new generation of applications in various different commercial sectors including drug delivery, cosmetics, biomedical implants, graphic industry, electronics, optical components, automotive and aerospace parts.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	nanotehnologija, održivost, tehnološka procjena, procjena rizika, karakteristike površine čestice , pristup „odozgo prema dolje“, proizvodnja papira
Keywords in english:	nanotechnology, sustainability, technology assessment, risk assessment particle surface characteristics, “top-down” approache , papermakeing
Subjects:	TECHNICAL SCIENCES > Graphic Technology
Institution:	Grafički fakultet
City:	Zagreb
Number of Pages:	26
Callnumber:	bolz 2010 rez
Inventory number:	Z127
Status:	Unpublished
Date Deposited:	15 Nov 2013 21:42
Last Modified:	19 May 2014 09:13
URI:	http://eprints.grf.unizg.hr/id/eprint/1113

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