Utjecaj proizvoda na okoliš

Sivrić, Vanja (2009) Utjecaj proizvoda na okoliš. Baccalaureus work - Undergraduate programme. Grafički fakultet. [Mentor: Bolanča Mirković, Ivana].

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Abstract

Svaki oblik utjecaja na okoliš temelji se na razmjeni tvari između okoline i ljudskog društva; proizvodno-potrošačkog sustava. Neki od najrelevantniji ekoloških efekta koji se određuju po utjecaju ekstrakcije ili emisije su: iskorištavanje neobnovljivi prirodnih resursa, globalno zatopljenje, razaranje ozonskog sloja, smog, itd. Kvantitativne metode za analizu i procjenu utjecaja na okoliš analiziraju, procjenjuju i tumače odnos proizvoda i okoliša. Procjena životnog ciklusa (life cycle assessment – LCA) jedna je od najpoznatijih, to je metoda za procjenu utjecaja proizvoda u svim njegovim životnim fazama na ekosustav, a radi na principu „od kolijevke do groba“. Što znači da se analizira opterećenje okoliša u svim fazama životnog ciklusa proizvoda. Svaka procjena životnog ciklusa se sastoji od četiri koraka: definiranje opsega i cilja, analiza inventara (Life cycle inventory - LCI), analiza utjecaja (Life cycle impact assessement) i interpretacija rezultata. Za procjenu ekološkog učinka proizvoda (life cycle impact assessement) koriste se različite metodologije, a najpoznatija i najraširenija je Eko-indikator 99, koja je samo produžetak LCA metode, a ne njeno pojednostavljenje. LCA je do ovog trenutka najpouzdanija metoda za izračunavanje utjecaja na okoliša, ali i ona ima svoja ograničenja. Razvoj će ići u smjeru dobivanja alata za još bržu i još pojednostavljenu i jeftiniju procjenu od LCA; neki takvi alati su već na tržištu kao na primjer alat Eko-it.

Item Type:	Baccalaureus work - Undergraduate programme
Mentor name:	Bolanča Mirković, Ivana
Defence date:	2009
Abstract in english:	Every form of environmental impact is based on the exchange of substances between the environment and human society; production-consumer system. Some of the most relevant environmental effects that are determined by the impact of extraction and emissions are: exploitation of nonrenewable natural resources, global warming, the destruction of the ozone layer, smog, etc. Quantitative methods for analysis and assessment of environmental impact analysis, evaluate and interpret the relationship between products and environment. Life cycle assessment – LCA, is one of the best known methods, it is a method for assessing the impact of the product in all life stages of the ecosystem, and it works on "from cradle to grave" principle. Any life cycle assessment - LCA consists of four steps: defining the scope and objective, life cycle inventory - LCI, life cycle impact assessement and interpretation of results. To assess the environmental impact of products (life cycle impact assessement) many different methodologies are used, but the best known and most widely used is Eco-indicator 99, which is just an extension of LCA methods, not its simplification. LCA is to date the most reliable method for calculating the impact on the environment, but it has its limitations. Development will go towards getting the tools for even faster and more simplified and cheaper assessment of the LCA, some such tools are already on the market, such as the Eco-it tool.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ekoloških efekti, procjena životnog ciklusa, analiza inventara, analiza utjecaja, eko-indikator metoda
Keywords in english:	environmental effects, Life Cycle Assessment, Life Cycle Inventory, Life Cycle Impact Assessement, Eco-indicator
Subjects:	TECHNICAL SCIENCES > Graphic Technology
Institution:	Grafički fakultet
City:	Zagreb
Number of Pages:	43
Callnumber:	boli 2009 siv
Inventory number:	Z94
Status:	Unpublished
Date Deposited:	15 Nov 2013 21:42
Last Modified:	21 May 2014 08:20
URI:	http://eprints.grf.unizg.hr/id/eprint/1083

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