Hrvatski plakat u doba secesije

Hmelina, Koraljka (2008) Hrvatski plakat u doba secesije. Diploma work - Pre-Bologna programme. Grafički fakultet. [Mentor: Jurković, Mato].

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Abstract

Secesija je kao umjetnički i kulturni fenomen nastao i razvijan na prijelazu 19. u 20. stoljeće, u osvrtima mnogih kritičara tijekom prve polovice 20. stoljeća, izazvala dvojake ocjene, koje su se kretale u rasponu od odlučnog otklona pa do punog priznanja njezine umjetničke vrijednosti. Ključni pojam za shvaćanje secesijske umjetnosti svakako je sinkretizam. Spajanje raznovrsnih, pa i oprečnih stilskih elemenata nije vodilo eklekticizmu; naprotiv, secesijski pokret, zvao se on jugendstil, modern art, art noveau ili sl., jedan je od značajnih obuhvatnih i markantnih stilova kako europske, tako i američke kulture. Razvoj hrvatske secesije potrebno je promatrati i vrednovati u okvirima europskog kulturnog, političkog i gospodarskog ozračja. Obzirom da je Hrvatska, uz sve svoje političke, gospodarske, kulturne i društvene osobitosti i posebnosti, pripadala krugu europskih zemalja, neupitno je i nju zahvatio nezaobilazan proces preobrazbe cjeloukupnog društva. Pojava plakata, u okviru grafičkog dizajna, kao novog vizualnog medija masovne komunikacije tipičan je fenomen urbane kulture pomoću koje umjetnost „izlazi na ulicu“, a informacija o njoj „prodaje se i troši poput bilo koje druge robe, postajući izraz i odraz ekonomskoga, društvenoga i kulturnoga života“. Hrvatski secesijski plakat, njegovu pojavu i razvoj, potrebno promatrati, shvaćati i tumačiti unutar europskog konteksta i europskih događanja. Zahvaljujući razvoju grafičkih tehnika (posebice litografije) plakat, inspiriran novim umjetničkim idejama, svoj puni zamah i afirmaciju doživljava na prijelazu 19. u 20. stoljeće u razdoblju secesije. Razvoj hrvatskog tiskarstva, svakako, je nezaobilazan čimbenik u procesu realizacije plakata, ali i moderator njegove krajnje učinkovitosti u smislu razvoja i prezentacije plakata kao značajnog medija vizualne komunikacije. Secesija je bila nova duhovna i umjetnička orijentacija suprotna dotadašnjoj; označila je otklon od tradicionalnog umjetničkog shvaćanja. Svojom novom rafiniranom estetikom prožimanja poetskoga i dekorativnoga, stiliziranoga i maštovitoga, upravo je u okviru plakatne umjetnosti našla nepresušne mogućnosti izražavanja, a što dokazuju vrhunska ostvarenja naših istaknutih secesionista B. Csikosa Sessie, R. Auera, T. Krizmana, Lj. Babića, R. Tommasea, M. Račkog, J. Kljakovića, F. B. Angelija Radovanija i dr. Plakat tako prestaje biti samo puka tipografska neatraktivna informacija, već postaje umjetnički čin koji posjeduje vlastitu strukturi i zakonitosti., pretvarajući umjetnost u način života.

Item Type:	Diploma work - Pre-Bologna programme
Mentor name:	Jurković, Mato
Defence date:	2008
Abstract in english:	Secession has, as a cultural and art phenomenon that was created and developed at the turn of 19th to 20th century, in reviews of many critics during the first half of the 20th century, been assessed at two extremes; ranging from a determined non-acceptance to full recognition of its artistic value. The key term for understanding seccession art is certainly syncretism. Joining versatile, or even contradictory style elements did not lead to eclecticism; on the contrary, the secession movement, whether it was called jugendstil, modern art, art nouveau or something else, is one of reconcling differing styles of European and American cultures. The development of Croatian secession needs to be observed and evaluated within the frames of the European cultural, political and economical atmospheres. Considering that Croatia, with all its political, economical, cultural and social particularities and specialities, has belonged to the circle of European countries, it was undouubtedly affected by the unavoidable process of metamorphosis of the entire society. The appearance of the poster within graphic design as a new visual media of mass communication is a typical phenomenon of urban culture by which art „goes out on the street“, and the information about it „is being sold and consumed as any other merchandise, becoming an expression and reflection of economical, social and cultural life“. The Croatian secession poster, its appearence and development, needs to be observed, understood and interpreted within European context and European events. Thanks to development of graphic techniques (especially lithography) the poster inspired by new art ideas, reaches its full swing and affirmation on the turn of 19th to 20th century in the period of secession. The development of Croatian printing is certainly an unavoidable factor in the process of poster realisation, but also the moderator of its final effectiveness in terms of development and presentation of the poster as an important media of visual communication. Secession was a new spiritual and artistic orientation contrary to the one that existed; it marked a departure from traditional artistic comprehension. Whith its new refined aesthetic of permeation into the poetic and decorative, styled and imaginative, it has precisely, within poster art, found endless possibilities for expression, the proof of which are the foremost creations of our distinguished secessionists B. Chikos Sessia, R. Auer, T. Krizman, Lj. Babić, R. Tommaseo, M. Rački, J. Kljaković, F. B. Angeli Radovani, etc… The poster ceases to be solely an unattractive typographic display of information, and becomes an artistic from with it's own structure and laws, using art to depict a way of life.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Secesija, hrvatski secesijski plakat, razvoj hrvatskog tiskarstva
Keywords in english:	Secession, Croatian secession poster, development of Croatian printing
Subjects:	TECHNICAL SCIENCES > Graphic Technology
Institution:	Grafički fakultet
City:	Zagreb
Number of Pages:	46
Callnumber:	jur 2008 hme
Inventory number:	D638
Status:	Unpublished
Date Deposited:	15 Nov 2013 21:34
Last Modified:	21 May 2014 11:11
URI:	http://eprints.grf.unizg.hr/id/eprint/623

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